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Control: A History of Behavioral Psychology (Qualitative Studies in Psychology), by John A. Mills
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Behaviorism has been the dominant force in the creation of modern American psychology. However, the unquestioned and unquestioning nature of this dominance has obfuscated the complexity of behaviorism.
Control serves as an antidote to this historical myopia, providing the most comprehensive history of behaviorism yet written. Mills successfully balances the investigation of individual theorists and their contributions with analysis of the structures of assumption which underlie all behaviorist psychology, and with behaviorism's role as both creator and creature of larger American intellectual patterns, practices, and values.
Furthermore, Mills provides a cogent critique of behaviorists' narrow attitudes toward human motivation, exploring how their positivism cripples their ability to account for the unobservable, inner factors that control behavior. Control's blend of history and criticism advances our understanding not only of behaviorism, but also the development of social science and positivism in twentieth-century America.
- Sales Rank: #2893862 in Books
- Color: Black
- Brand: Brand: New York University Press
- Published on: 2000-08-01
- Released on: 2000-08-01
- Original language: English
- Number of items: 1
- Dimensions: 9.00" h x .65" w x 6.00" l, .81 pounds
- Binding: Paperback
- 246 pages
- Used Book in Good Condition
Review
"Control, a strongly written work of careful scholarship, will be a critical part of that continuing discussion and it deserves the attention of all historians of the discipline. Readers will be rewarded with important insights."
-Theory & Psychology"The book is excellent."
-American Journal of Psychology"[A] highly readable, at times entertaining, yet eminently scholarly book."
-History and Philosophy of Psychology Bulletin About the Author
JOHN A. MILLS is Professor Emeritus of Psychology at the University of Saskatchewan.
Most helpful customer reviews
1 of 2 people found the following review helpful.
Progressivist Agenda & the Mindless Emulation of 19th Century Physics
By Dennis B. Mulcare
In Arthur Koestler’s “The Ghost in the Machine,” the first chapter is entitled “The Poverty of Psychology.” Moreover, he regards the condition of mid-twentieth century psychology as “a modern version of the dark ages,” and behaviorist dogma as tantamount to a flat earth credo regarding the human mind. The subject book gives appreciable insight into the aptness of Koestler’s characterizations of psychology/behaviorism during much of the twentieth century. This book is primarily history by an academic psychologist, but additionally it provides informed analysis and significant commentary to apprehend the behaviorist movement, formulations, and ideological presuppositions. In all then, the book is illuminating and valuable, albeit somewhat of a dry read.
To cut to the chase, behaviorism’s veneer of scientific authenticity is demolished conclusively in a terse characterization of its doctrinaire modus operandi. As found on page 183: “In the natural sciences...the subject matter controls the methods of inquiry....But in psychology, operationism reigned supreme....the methods determined the choice of appropriate subject matter and the mode of solution of problems.” Welcome to the closed world of a pseudoscience!
Then on page 2: “The essence of behaviorism is the equating of theory with application, understanding with prediction, and the workings of the human mind with social technology.” Acceptance of these incongruous conflations was facilitated by prior commitments endemic to all strains of behaviorism:
• prediction and control of behavior as the goal of psychology
• aversion to philosophical speculation
• nevertheless, acceptance of the philosophical position of pragmatic positivism
• materialist equivalency of mental and physical events
• adaptation of Bridgman’s operationalism
• applicability of animal or mentally impaired human experimental resuls to humans at large
• strict emphasis on quantified functional or instrumental aspects of behavior.
Basically, behaviorism was anchored in ideological precepts, largely due to its close alignment with progressivism. Their overlap of major interests and basic pursuits centers on the ideology which holds that: science should serve the good of society, and not primarily truth; both sectors should develop technology that supports the ends of society; and they should develop technologies that shape individuals to contribute to society. Of course the definition of the factors benefiting society would of course have be the province of the ruling elite, as subserved by enabling elements like the so-called behavioral social scientists.
Behavior modification was a prominent product of the behaviorist agenda, and apparently still a continuing practice. I had expected that this book would connect it with the behaviorists’ expressed goal of inducing individuals to contribute to society in elitist-prescribed ways. Unfortunately, this topic was not addressed even though one chapter was entitled “Behaviorists as Social Engineers: Behavior Modification Applied to Abnormal Psychology.” Although the chapter did address therapeutic treatment of mentally troubled persons, that reported service was performed by health care personnel, not social engineers. However, it would instead be the latter trying to manipulate the behavior of members of the population at large to conform with the government-sponsored behavior initiatives or scripts. Nor did I note any such references in the end notes. In any case, I deem this book to be deficient in its treatment of this motivating facet of the behaviorist agenda that is identified herein, but not elaborated at all.
In retrospect, it seems quite baffling that behaviorism remained dominant in academia for about half a century. The author identifies several factors that fostered this dominance: a specialized vocabulary and concept mindset engendered as a routine part of undergraduate education; non-pluralistic environment in most psychology departments and research journals; graduate school proselytizing; restrictions on admissible research projects; and client application targets for prediction and control capabilities. In general, however, the overarching reason for behaviorism’s dominance is seen to be its closed-world, ideologically restrictive dogma, or the deprecation of bone fide open-minded scholarship. Of course, the ascendancy of cognitive psychology finally offered a compellingly attractive alternative to behaviorism.
Alas, it takes some perseverance to read this book, not so much due to the author’s writing style, but because of the monotonous puerile pretenses of behaviorism. Incredibly, it remained dominant for decades in academia. Moreover, it is quite disturbing that such transparent pseudoscience has been pursued potentially to legitimize or enable statist intervention in society so as to secure and enforce populace control. Yes, Control - that is the operative word in the behaviorist movement as well as in the book’s title. Congratulations to the author for tracing and analyzing this movement’s motivations and essential trajectory. Despite the current ascendancy of cognitivism, the malady of behaviorism remains unfortunately far from extinguished.
0 of 1 people found the following review helpful.
A deeper look at behaviorism
By J. Black
A must read for anyone who wishes to understand behavioral pyschology and its history. Scholarly insights from a professor who has spent years putting the field in context.
2 of 10 people found the following review helpful.
Control: A history of behavioral psychology
By LC
the book references the contributions of several key players in the history of psychology, however it does so from a very narrow perspective and with biased languaage.
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