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Over two million people are incarcerated in America’s prisons and jails, eight times as many since 1975. Mandatory minimum sentencing, parole agencies intent on sending people back to prison, three-strike laws, for-profit prisons, and other changes in the legal system have contributed to this spectacular rise of the general prison population.
After overseeing the largest city jail system in the country, Michael Jacobson knows first-hand the inner workings of the corrections system. In Downsizing Prisons, he convincingly argues that mass incarceration will not, as many have claimed, reduce crime nor create more public safety. Simply put, throwing away the key is not the answer.
- Sales Rank: #1329977 in Books
- Brand: Brand: NYU Press
- Published on: 2006-09-01
- Released on: 2006-09-01
- Original language: English
- Number of items: 1
- Dimensions: 9.00" h x .76" w x 6.00" l, .95 pounds
- Binding: Paperback
- 292 pages
- Used Book in Good Condition
Review
“Should be read by the public and used by policy makers. Essential.”
-Choice
“Downsizing Prisons offers an innovative approach to reducing the strain on America’s overcrowded prisons: namely, by fixing the dysfunctional parole systems in states around the country. . . . Jacobson’s book comes at exactly the right time.”
“Policy wonks, journalists, elected officials and students of criminal justice will find the arguments and data in this book worth grappling with.”
-New York Newsday
“Downsizing Prisons is an excellent, well-documented, and well-referenced case study. Jacobson is a seasoned policy practitioner who understands the fit of partisan, policy, and system politics. He has hands-on experience, understands what works, and knows first-hand the dysfunctional impacts of higher incarceration rates. He argues for more rational and effective cost-control approaches to crime control.”
“Downsizing Prisons explains not only why current incarceration policy is not working, but what we can do about it. Jacobson’s blueprint provides an overview of a pragmatic strategy that can reduce the size of our bloated prison system while improving prospects for public safety.”
“There is a better path, and this book shows us how to find that new direction.”
-Los Angeles Times
About the Author
Michael Jacobson has over twenty years of government service. He was formerly the commissioner of the New York City Departments of Correction and Probation and a deputy budget director for the City of New York, serving in the Koch, Dinkins, and Giuliani administrations. He is currently the Executive Director of the Vera Institute of Justice.
Most helpful customer reviews
8 of 9 people found the following review helpful.
policy argument against excessive incarceration
By David Wellenbrock
Jacobson was a budget director for New York City who then became the head of probation and later the head of corrections. He thus has considerable experience with the costs of incarceration and how those costs impact the rest of the government's budgets.
In this book he reviews the tremendous rate of increase of incarceration over the last three decades and the costs attendant to this policy. The increased use of mandatory minimum sentences, three-strikes legislation, and the vastly increased use of technical parole violations are identified as the major contributors to these increases. He then reviews how ineffective this has been in reducing crime. Then he makes the case for reducing the rate of incarceration.
His thesis is that for lower grade cases (property crimes; drug crimes; etc.), lengthy prison sentences are both ineffective and fiscally wasteful. He would divert significant resources from this incarceration to (a) more treatment in lieu of custody and (b) other social programs which are also fiscally strapped.
The budget crunch faced by states in recent years he believes provide an opportunity for changes: states simply cannot afford their prisons. Even Louisiana and Mississippi have recently passed legislation which reduce some prison terms.
The book seems to be generally aimed at polilcy-level people. It describes the sorts of legislation that would be necessary, delineates some of the general political forces which are at work and which must be met ('tough-on-crime' attitudes; the prison guards unions; private prison corporations mainly). The book makes a persuasive case in fiscal terms and even on effectiveness (though his claims that we know which programs work and which don't are supported by citations of work and are not entirely convincing).
I was very glad to see a book like this become generally available and hope it gets a wide readership. This society clearly needs to deal with the issue, as we incarcerate people at a rate higher than any other nation in the world. Hopefullyl the book will help initiate and further the debate on the issue.
But it is not a book for general readership. He assumes that if costs can be cut and there is little change in public safety, then there can be little reason to not adopt the suggestions, that only politics is in the way. He makes no moral case against excessive incarceration. This omission means that this is not the book to convince the public, though it certainly should be given due consideration by the general public and policy makers.
0 of 0 people found the following review helpful.
Competent and articulate
By doug korty
This is a book by a competent and articulate professional. The author makes a very solid argument for his case, nothing radical or brilliant but solid. Other books worth reading on criminal justice.
Alexander, Michelle, The New Jim Crow: Mass Incarceration in the Age of Colorblindness, The New Press, 2010
Blackmon, Douglas A., Slavery by Another Name: The Re-Enslavement of Black Americans from the Civil War to World War II, Anchor; Reprint edition, 2009
Clear, Todd R., Imprisoning Communities: How Mass Incarceration Makes Disadvantaged Neighborhoods Worse (Studies in Crime and Public Policy), Oxford University Press, USA 2009
Clear, Todd R., The Punishment Imperative: The Rise and Failure of Mass Incarceration in America, NYU Press, 2013
Currie, Elliott, Crime and Punishment in America, Picador; First Owl Book Edition, 1998
Drucker, Ernest, A Plague of Prisons: The Epidemiology of Mass Incarceration in America, The New Press, 2011
Manza, Jeff, Locked Out: Felon Disenfranchisement and American Democracy (Studies in Crime and Public Policy), Oxford University Press, 2008
Mauer, Marc, Race to Incarcerate, The New Press, 2006
Petersilia, Joan, When Prisoners Come Home: Parole and Prisoner Reentry (Studies in Crime and Public Policy), Oxford University Press, 2009
Pettit, Becky, Invisible Men: Mass Incarceration and the Myth of Black Progress, Russell Sage Foundation Publications, 2012
Stuntz, William J., The Collapse of American Criminal Justice, The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2011
Tonry, Michael H., Malign Neglect: Race, Crime, and Punishment in America, Oxford University Press, USA (January 19, 1995
Tonry, Michael H., Punishing Race: A Continuing American Dilemma (Studies in Crime and Public Policy), Oxford University Press, 2011
Tonry, Michael H., Thinking about Crime: Sense and Sensibility in American Penal Culture (Studies in Crime and Public Policy), Oxford University Press, 2004
Western, Bruce, Punishment and Inequality in America, Russell Sage Foundation Publications, 2007
Whitman, James Q., Harsh Justice: Criminal Punishment and the Widening Divide between America and Europe, Oxford University Press, USA, 2005
Midwest Independent Research
http://mwir-improvements.blogspot.com/
2 of 3 people found the following review helpful.
Making the Prison System Viable
By BrooklynSociologist
Michael Jacobson, who counts Bernard Kerik as a friend, is an alumnus of Brooklyn College and he also attended the CUNY Graduate Center. His career path took from the New York Office of Management and Budget to the Commissioner of Probation here in New York City to the Commissioner of Corrections. His unique perspective or insight into the criminal justice system comes from his experiences as a policy maker in the Office of Management and Budget and during his time as Commissioner of Probation, Commissioner of Corrections and now as the head of the Vera Institute of Justice. Jacobson's basic premise is that it is not beneficial to public safety and public health to incarcerate large numbers of people as we do today. As he states his purpose is to, "make a substantive and political case so that policy makers can begin to reverse 30 years of prison growth in a way that protects public safety while ameliorating pressing problems of health care, education and deteriorating state budgets." He preaches "reallocation of resources" and "probation and parole reform."
Jacobson recounts how mass incarceration came to be in America. He starts off by making a case for the link between high-profile crimes and criminal justice policy making. Unlike other such areas high-profile crimes tend to lead to more punitive policy shifts in criminal justice arena, but this relationship between high-profile crimes and criminal justice policy obscures the roles of other mitigating factors such as social inequality. Another critique is that alternatives to incarceration and rehabilitation programs are underfunded when most convicted of a crime are not in jails and prisons but they are on parole or on probation. Their sheer numbers, approximately five million, demands that some attention be paid to this population, Jacobson rants. This overuse of the parole and probation system does not serve the best interest of the public, and the state's current fiscal situation makes it unrealistic for mass incarceration to continue. In my estimation, Jacobson has done a proficient job of tying together the empirical work of Western (2006) and Alexander's (2012) polemics and makes a compelling argument as to why mass incarceration must end.
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